Rules change by jurisdiction and year
Timezone and daylight-saving rules are political decisions. The IANA tz database records many historical transitions, including years when the U.S. changed the dates on which daylight time began or ended.
Sources: IANA — How to Read the tz Database · IANA — Time zone and daylight saving time data
Ambiguous and skipped local times exist
When clocks move backward, some wall-clock times occur twice; when they move forward, some local times do not occur at all. A historical reconstruction should preserve the original local time and record how that ambiguity was resolved.
Do not infer from the modern rule
A person born decades ago may have been subject to a different national, state, or local rule. Resolve the timezone from the historical date and location, not from what the same place does today.